Stabilizing burners to prevent thermoacoustic instability for quieter combustion appliances
Hamed F. Ganji defended his PhD thesis with the distinction cum laude at the Department of Mechanical Engineering on April 2nd.

In the global push toward cleaner, more efficient energy solutions, the stability of combustion appliances plays a crucial role. Domestic boilers, industrial burners, and other heating systems depend on controlled fuel combustion. However, these systems often face a significant challenge: thermoacoustic instability. This phenomenon, where flames and acoustic waves interact in a dangerous feedback loop, leads to excessive noise, reduced efficiency, and potential structural damage. Traditionally, manufacturers have relied on costly trial-and-error approaches to mitigate these issues. Now, the research of Hamed F. Ganji introduces a systematic design toolbox that could transform burner development, making combustion appliances quieter, more efficient, and more reliable.
贬补尘别诲鈥檚 research offers manufacturers a proactive way to address thermoacoustic instability, eliminating the need for expensive post-production fixes. His methodology helps designers predict and prevent instability risks during the early design phases. This is particularly beneficial in common industrial scenarios, such as when the full acoustic properties of the system, including fans, heat exchangers, and exhaust systems, are known, or when only partial acoustic data is available, which is often the case in Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) projects where burners need to fit into pre-existing systems. By anticipating stability issues before manufacturing begins, companies can streamline development, reduce costs, and enhance appliance performance.
Innovative tools for burner design
The research introduces several innovative tools and methods to improve burner design. He developed frequency-dependent stability maps using Cauchy鈥檚 argument principle. These maps highlight critical frequency ranges that could lead to instability, guiding designers in making targeted adjustments such as modifying burner deck perforations.
Predicting composite burner behavior
Modern burners often combine multiple flame zones with distinct acoustic behaviors. Hamed created a Flame Transfer Function (FTF) composition method, allowing designers to predict how a full burner system will behave by analyzing individual flame responses.
Measuring acoustic properties of downstream components
Accurately measuring the acoustic properties of hot downstream components, like heat exchangers, is notoriously difficult. Hamed proposed an innovative indirect measurement method that integrates flame transfer measurements with acoustic reflection data, making real-world application feasible.
A new metric for stability
In cases where complete acoustic data is unavailable, Hamed introduced the Stability Quality Factor (S). This metric quantifies a burner鈥檚 robustness against instability, providing a standardized way to compare designs, much like efficiency and emissions ratings.
A practical toolbox for manufacturers
The culmination of this research is a practical toolbox that enables manufacturers to integrate pre-characterized components into new burner designs. This significantly reduces development time, costs, and stability risks, making it easier to create high-performance combustion appliances.
Industrial impact and future implications
贬补尘别诲鈥檚 work delivers a game-changing advantage for burner and boiler manufacturers, particularly in sectors where quiet and stable operation is essential. By minimizing the need for trial-and-error testing, his methods accelerate the development of next-generation heating solutions that align with global energy transition goals.
Toward a sustainable energy future
As industries strive for carbon neutrality, these advancements support the creation of cleaner and more efficient combustion appliances. Whether for domestic heating or large-scale industrial applications, the ability to predict and prevent thermoacoustic instability marks a significant step toward a more sustainable energy future.
Title of PhD thesis: . Promotor: Prof. Jeroen van Oijen, and Prof. Ines Lopez Arteaga. Co-promotor: Dr. Viktor Kornilov.